Shyness

In humans, shyness (also called diffidence) is a social psychology term used to describe the feeling of apprehension, lack of comfort, or awkwardness experienced when a person is in proximity to, approaching, or being approached by other people, especially in new situations or with unfamiliar people. Shyness may come from genetic traits, the environment in which a person is raised and personal experiences. There are many degrees of shyness. Stronger forms are usually referred to as social anxiety or social phobia. Shyness may merely be a personality trait or can occur at certain stages of development in children. Shyness has also a strong cultural dimension.

In biology, shy generally means "tends to avoid human beings"; See crypsis. Shyness in gorillas manifests with ostensibly similar behavioral traits, but differs wholly from humans in cognition and motivation.

Fear Emotion

Fear

Fear is a distressing emotion aroused by a perceived threat. It is a basic survival mechanism occurring in response to a specific stimulus, such as pain or the threat of danger. Some psychologists such as John B. Watson, Robert Plutchik, and Paul Ekman have suggested that fear belongs to a small set of basic or innate emotions. This set also includes such emotions as joy, sadness, and anger. Fear should be distinguished from the related emotional state of anxiety, which typically occurs without any external threat. Additionally, fear is related to the specific behaviors of escape and avoidance, whereas anxiety is the result of threats which are perceived to be uncontrollable or unavoidable. Worth noting is that fear almost always relates to future events, such as worsening of a situation, or continuation of a situation that is unacceptable. Fear could also be an instant reaction to something presently happening.

Happiness Emotion

Happiness

Happiness is a state of mind or feeling characterized by contentment, love, satisfaction, pleasure, or joy. A variety of biological, psychological, religious, and philosophical approaches have striven to define happiness and identify its sources.

While direct measurement of happiness presents challenges, tools such as The Oxford Happiness Questionnaire have been developed by researchers. Positive psychology researchers use theoretical models that include describing happiness as consisting of positive emotions and positive activities, or that describe three kinds of happiness: pleasure (positive sensory experience), engagement (involvement with one’s family, work, romance and hobbies), and meaning (using personal strengths to serve some larger end).

Research has identified a number of attributes that correlate with happiness: relationships and social interaction, extraversion, marital status, employment, health, democratic freedom, optimism, endorphins released through physical exercise and eating chocolate, religious involvement, income and proximity to other happy people. Happiness is mediated through the release of so-called happiness hormones.

Philosophers and religious thinkers often define happiness in terms of living a good life, or flourishing, rather than simply as an emotion. Happiness in this older sense was used to translate the Greek Eudaimonia, and is still used in virtue ethics.

Happiness economics suggests that measures of public happiness should be used to supplement more traditional economic measures when evaluating the success of public policy.

Emotion Pictures

Colour Emotion

Colour plays a significant role in global marketing communication, as colour not only helps enhance brand recognition, but it also translates intended visual impressions into design elements of a product, it can create desired atmosphere in a retail outlet and influence consumers' behaviour.

The impact of colour can be attributed to a wide range of colour associations, in which colour is seen as either a symbol or a sign. The former regards colour as representation of physical items or experiences (e.g. red is a symbol of "good luck" in China), while the latter uses colour to provide specific information in visual communication (e.g. red means "stop" as a traffic signal).

In both cases, colour may serve either as an emotion elicitor that creates emotional impact on the viewer (e.g. Chinese people are happy to receive the "red envelopes" on Chinese New Year's Eve), or as an emotion messenger, sending a communicative signal describing affective quality of the colour itself or of the environment/product (e.g. a vivid red is often regarded as a warm, exciting colour).

Colour as an emotion messenger has attracted enormous interest from researchers in different disciplines, who have given various names to work in this area such as "colour meaning", "colour image", "colour emotion" and "expectations". For consistency, and following the tradition of previous work by the authors, the term colour emotion will be used in this paper to indicate the subject area described here.